Essay about A Swift Change Is Imminent - 1714 Words

At a first glance, a misogynist’s paradise is apparent when perceiving Jonathan Swift’s The Lady’s Dressing Room and a cannibalistic one in A Modest Proposal. However, Swift’s intricate feelings do not depict Ireland’s crude social convention, but rather for Swift’s revolutionary vitriolic satire, which permeates humanity’s blindness through political stand points. By using grotesque metaphors, to open the figurative eyes of the public, Swift’s poetry forced society to analyze the ways of living in order to push reform. The push came in his many satiric works, which criticized humanity, but also acquitted the feelings of a personal vendetta. Swift’s vendetta against oppression in his society constructed the transition to a more heavily†¦show more content†¦From a political stand point, Swift, in appealing to the British landlords of Ireland, revealed that humanity for the Irish would either be audacious and exis tent or stupefied and full of carnage. The audience as well, the people of Ireland, know the troubles and have no reason to argue against the same philosophy in thought, Swift proposes, but rather entertain it for if the law-makers realize the extent of damage their country is facing, they will also endure the hardship; provoking an adequate reformation. Swift further argues reform by magnifying his vendetta â€Å"As to our city of Dublin, shambles may be appointed for this purpose in the most convenient parts of it, and butchers we may be assured will not be wanting,† meaning conformity, has caused Irelands socio-economic problems. What furthermore, can a carver of brutal proportions fulfill in respect to Dublin, titivate the carved proportions of an immoral death (Swift 284)? Introducing children was essential to show oppression as most kids are nurtured by their parents in an oppressive and controlling manner. The death and birth of children in A Modest Proposal exhibits the end of oppressive rule but the beginning of a violated and easily corruptible muse: political oppression. However, Swift’s immediate muse for writing A Modest Proposal is because he must inform and liberate the community from the failures of politics. Ireland does no longer contain the luxury or strategyShow MoreRelatedPresidential Responsibility And Power : Presidential Power947 Words   |  4 Pagestimes of conflict. The Amendment shall read: Congress shall authorize the use of military force in all offensive and preemptive conflicts. The President, in the case of imminent danger, may deploy military forces as necessary; upon deployment the President shall report to Congress within forty-eight hours. These constitutional changes reflect the need to distinguish specific powers that each branch will maintain. 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Mary Shelley s Frankenstein - 1646 Words

Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is a mishmash of stories within stories within a story, and several other texts are referenced within this amalgamation of literature. The intertextual links made in Frankenstein help to provide the reader with a greater insight into the mind of Mary Shelley and her most famous work. References to the text Paradise lost and Greek mythology in the development of characters adds depth to a tale of creation and destruction, causing the questions Shelley asks about humanity to resonate far more poignantly with the reader. Frankenstein in many ways acts as a mirror, reflecting Milton’s Paradise Lost explicitly throughout the text. Milton’s purpose in writing Paradise Lost was to â€Å"justify the way of God to man†, this†¦show more content†¦Victor, like Satan does not consider the ramifications of his actions. He â€Å"ardently desired knowledge† in an attempt to become more than his father, his creator (of sorts) even if it lead to his destruction. The word â€Å"ardently† is typically a feminine and irrational feeling conveying his recklessness and contrasting the rationality of science causing the reader to question Victor’s ability as a scientist or creator. In Milton’s works Eve never interacts with god. The women in Frankenstein, Walton’s sister and Elizabeth are kept away from the main story and the action; they are used mostly as narrative or plot devices: the sister as giving someone for Walton to write to and Elizabeth as a com panion and then catalyst for Victor and the Monster’s chase. The narrator of Paradise Lost describes Adam as created for God, and Eve as created for Adam, and that she was designed for the purpose of companionship much like Elizabeth’s depiction. Although the gender imbalances of Paradise Lost are based on the current societal ideologies and those of the bible, Shelley’s depiction (or lack thereof) can been seen to suggest their importance in the creation of life. Victor Frankenstein, through his speech and actions is constructed as a symbolic parallel to God, particularly through his creation of life. However Shelley’s God figure is

Langston Hughes Free Essays

He wrote poetry and short fiction for the Belfry Owl, the school’s literary gagging, and edited the school yearbook. It was the summer of 1919 when he visited his father in Mexico for the first time. That visit proved to almost be his moral demise b cause his father was materialistic and, ironically was prejudiced against blacks, Mexicans, and Indians. We will write a custom essay sample on Langston Hughes or any similar topic only for you Order Now He thought of them as lazy and ignorant. This changed Hughes perception of hi myself and other minorities. When Hughes graduated from high school in 1 920, he returned to Mexico, where he taught English for a year and wrote poems and literature pieces for publication in the Crisis, the magazine of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored people In the early sass, Hughes worked as a dishwasher boy in Paris. One year late r, he enrolled at the Columbia University in New York. His freshman year, he droop deed out of college and worked a series of odd jobs to support his mother. In 1 923 Hughes Signs d on as a cabin boy on a merchant freighter en route to West Africa. In 1 925 he resettled with his mother and half brother in D. C. While continuing his writing and poetry. In 1 925 in May and Au just, Hughes verses garnered him literary prizes from both Opportunity magazine and the Crisis. Four months later, Hughes worked as a busboy at a Washington D. C. Hotel, and attracted t he attention of the poet, Vacate Lindsay, by placing three of his poems on his dinner table. Later on that evening, Lindsay read his poems to an audience and announced his discovery of a † En grog busboy poet†. Photographers and reports were eagerly wanting to meet him the next day. His friends, family, and other writers inspired Hughes to write. His style of Poe try, is free verse. One of my favorite poems by Hughes is called Dreams. Some other one s that he wrote that people best know him for are â€Å"The Negro Speaks of Rivers†, and â€Å"l too Sing A America†. In 1930, Hughes got a Harmon Gold Medal for Literature. In 1948 he got Honorary Doc tort of Letters, Lincoln University, and also got his PHD. Longboats Hughes died on May 22, 1 967, in New York. He has inspired a great deal of us, including Alice Walker who wrote an illustrated book about him. How to cite Langston Hughes, Papers Langston Hughes Free Essays Langston Hughes’ two works are similar and different in certain ways. One similarity that stands out is that both writings had racial issues as its central theme. However, each work utilized a different manner by which to tackle the said subject matter. We will write a custom essay sample on Langston Hughes or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hughes’ poem, Theme for English B, seemingly uses the author’s own experience as the focal point upon which to discuss racial differences. In the poem, Hughes points out that race does not completely define the character of an individual. His writing exemplifies the fact that racial differences does not equate to a different likes and dislikes altogether. By saying, I guess being colored doesn`t make me not like The same things other folks like who are other races, The author shows that color does not completely divide society. Blacks and whites can share and appreciate the same things. They can read the same books, listen to the same music, and have the same hobbies. In his poem, Hughes personifies the American as either being black or white but have the same interests. Using the character of the instructor as his personification of the white people, the author is able to show that indeed blacks and whites share something in particular, they are both Americans. Ultimately, what Hughes points out is that people of different races can co-exist and can benefit from each other. The line, As I learn from you,  I guess you learn from me Is a clear depiction of Hughes belief that blacks and whites can live in the same society. In his short story, Who’s Passing for Who, Hughes uses another perspective to show the issue of race. The author’s attitude towards race in this work is far different from that which he showed in the poem. In the story, Hughes shows how blacks and whites are divided. He shows how each race sticks together and how a white man or a black man seemingly cares for only those of the same race as he. In the lines: â€Å"Well,† answered the red-haired Iowan, â€Å"I didn’t mean to be butting in of they were all the same race.† â€Å"Don’t you think a woman needs defending from a brute, no matter what race she may be?† asked the painter. â€Å"Yes, but I think it’s up to you to defend your own women.† Hughes clearly shows the principle that a people of the same race should only look after the concerns of their race. They should not get involved in the matters of different races. This is a clear sign of division between races. In other words, Hughes shows the idea that no unity can exist between blacks and whites and that they are confined by their race. Although such attitude seemingly changes in the latter part of the story, the fact that they had to pretend that they were black so that they could enjoy the company of the Black writers once again shows the distaste that each race has for the other. Personally, I like the attitude that Hughes shows in the poem. Although the story may depict the reality that existed at the height of racial tensions in the country, I appreciate the positive stand that the author took in his poem. Much has been written on how race has divided the American society. However, Hughes’ poem is one of the few works that I have read that has shed hope on the possibility of blacks and whites living and co-existing in society. Finally, I like the poem for it is able to show that race does not define th How to cite Langston Hughes, Essay examples

Assignment Final Research Proposal

Questions In this assignment you will finalize your research proposal through including sections on possible data sources and limitations. 1. Introduction2. Research question3. Literature Review4. Methodology 5. Data Collection6. Limitations7. Works Cited Answer: 1. Introduction: Studies are very important aspect of human life, and talking about the studies of children going to school or pursuing higher education is an important topic of discussion. What leads a person to studies is the motivation he gets for it. This motivation can be from someone near to him or can originate from his inner self, but this is the most important thing which drives a person towards education. This essay will focus on various factors that facilitates or de-facilitates the motivation part in a students life, and will help the people working in or associated with the field of education can better understand the needs and drive them more with proper motivation. This will also help them to understand the students mental state and to pre judge when they are going to fall in their studies. (Kamauru, 2000). Lumsden (1994) in his research has found that the zeal to learn new things and study faces a remarkable decline with the growing age, many of the student lose their interest in stud ies and are in the schools more out of compulsion than by their own will, this makes them present physically in the classroom but mentally they are not present there. This is the main reason of large number of youth leaving education before graduation. Motivation is the key ingredient, required for a student to like and pursue education. By the time various researchers have gone through this topic, about what motivates a student and what not. In this process various definitions have been used for the term motivation, as it directly effects the students overall performance. For example Lumsden, (1994) worked on the field of students involvement in education and the role of motivation in it. Marshal (1987) found motivation as a force beneficial to the learners. Ames (1990) was of the opinion that motivation is a long term process, and is linked with the quality of education provided. Most of the theorist form the opinion that learning requires motivation at every step, and it is very difficult to do anything learned without this factor. Considering student as a customer in the system of education, then the customer satisfaction, i.e. the satisfaction to students is the top most priority of all educational institutions. The idea of assuming student as a customer in the educational system is not at all new. Aldridge Rowely (1998) were also of the opinion that things are carried out more efficiently when some sort of feedbacks are collected from the students, but is also important at the same time to collect feedbacks from the academic staff too, because the study of both can only solve the puzzle of overall performance (Aldridge Rowely, 1998). In short we can say that motivational factors are precursors to education. This essay will focus on the intrinsic and extrinsic factors involved in the process of motivation. It is interesting to see that the performance of students who are motivated by themselves, i.e. intrinsically score high and have a constant performance, whereas on the other hand, student who are motivat ed with external forces, i.e. extrinsically perform low and are also not consistent in their studies. 2. Research question: Question 1: How intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors influence on academic performance? 3. Literature Review: As per Babar Kashif, regarding the effects of teaching and student motivation, it is said that student motivation to learn is actually to acquire the competence that is developed by the basic experience rather than stimulated directly by the expectations communication, modeling, and through socialization and direct instructions through the others mainly teachers and parents (Broussard Garrison, 2004). Motivation implies the reasons, which underlie the behavior, which is actually characterized through the willingness as well as volition (Broussard Garrison, 2004). It is noted that intrinsic motivation is actually animated through the interest, personal enjoyment, and pleasure. Extrinsic motivation is actually governed through the contingency reinforcement (Broussard Garrison, 2004). Motivation includes the constellation of the related perceptions, actions, beliefs, interests, as well as values. Motivation in individuals is actually different all across the various areas of subject s, and this domain mainly enhances with age (Broussard Garrison, 2004). Motivation as a child predicts motivation in the later life and it also helps in bringing the stability within the relationship for the purpose of strengthening with age (Broussard Garrison, 2004). Previously, educators try to consider the intrinsic motivation to get more describe and in result of that it consider better results of learning in place of extrinsic motivation (Broussard Garrison, 2004). In general, most of the children seem to appear to enter school with a high intrinsic motivation level, although this motivation tends towards declining as the children tries to progress in the school (Broussard Garrison, 2004). It is noted that various research has suggested that motivation could be easily manipulated by the specific practices of instructions, although studies has tried to demonstrate the positive as well as negative impacts (Broussard Garrison, 2004). The reward usage might either try to encourage or might get reduced in motivation, relying over the various types of rewards and the context in which it could be offered (Broussard Garrison, 2004). Teachers can also try to provide students with the control over their own style of learning which permits them to make decisions and simultaneously use collaborative as well as approaches of cooperative learning (Eccles Wigfield, 2002). Along with this, teachers can also try to create an environment of a supportive classroom in respect to the structure of goal, external evaluation, as well as attributions (Eccles Wigfield, 2002). Researchers has also tried to made various recommendations over the educators who are interested in helping student motivation by covering up the limited reward usage, or using the rewards for offering the information related to competence, enhancing the autonomy of students and their selection, or using the cooperative methods of learning, and creating the environment of supportive classroom in context of the goal structure, external and attribution evaluation (Eccles Wigfield, 2002). For instance, the literature over the impact of the extrinsic rewards over the motivation of students suggests that teachers should be sparing in giving rewards and should try to use various reward types within the classroom (Eccles Wigfield, 2002). Specifically, tangible rewards holds importance and might have negative impacts on both the behavior of free choice or it is self-reported interest as compared with intrinsic rewards, although when the rewards are actually expected, they tend not to hold the effects of decreasing motivation (Eccles Wigfield, 2002). When the rewards are quite contingent in the activity, in spite of the students excel in the task, the negative impact of the tangible reward over the free selection behavior importantly higher for the children in comparison to the students of the college (Eccles Wigfield, 2002). While it is noted that events can dramatically alter the motivation of the students towards learning and this can positively impact over every student, it is significant to acknowledge that motivation of student is quite dynamic (Eccles Wigfield, 2002). Through ones own behavior, or through the teaching practices and course design, one can try to create the conditions of classroom, and can even try to encourage the motivation and engagement towards learning at various levels (Eccles Wigfield, 2002). Therefore, through implementing the various strategies that could fit into the classroom environment or in the teaching style, one can easily try to sustain the motivation of students towards learning in the classroom or in the overall matter of subject (Eccles Wigfield, 2002). Along with the motivational resources, the schools can even organize the workshops all throughout the year over student motivation, classroom management, and various styles of learning and engagement of student (Eccles Wigfield, 2002). 4. Methodology: 4.1 Data Sample collection The sample was collected from the some of the renowned universities in Delhi, India. The dataset was of 342 students in total. The questionnaire was about the level of motivation they feel in their university experience and what actually motivates them. The survey was carried out on both boys and girls. There were 82% male and 18% female students in the survey and their average age was 20 years. 4.2 Instrumentation and Measurement Survey was carried out using TUSMSQ2 instrument developed by Neill and containing 30-items. The questions focus on measuring both the Intrinsic and Extrinsic factors of motivation for students. In total there occurred two intrinsic factors of motivation, i.e. Self-exploration and Altruism and four extrinsic motivators were found, i.e. rejection of Alternative options, career and qualifications, Social enjoyment, and Social pressure in the questionnaire. The questions were based on five point Likert scale. For each item, students rated themselves on a scale of 1 to 5; 1 being Very False, towards, 5 being Very True. 4.2.1 TUSMSQ Questionnaire Background Information (Write or circle the best answer) Office Use ID 1. Gender: Male / Female 2. Age:________ years 3. Overseas Student? Yes / No4. Name of Degree enrolled in: _______________________________________________5. Enrolment Status: Part-time / Full-time 6. % of degree completed (approx): ______7. GPA: ________ 8. UAI: _________ 9. Accommodation: With Parents / Ressies / Other10. Relationship Status: Single / Partner / Other 11. Number of Dependent Children: _____12. Average hours per week in paid employment: _________13. How likely is it that you will complete your current degree? Definitely wont finish 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Definitely will finish 14. What have been the main motivations for you to attend university? Please describe up to 3 key reasons for why youve chosen to be a university student?1.2.3.Student MotivationListed below are several motivations for going to university. Please rate the extent to which each motivation is accurate for you, using this scale. Circle the best answer for each item. FALSE NOT LIKE ME TRUE LIKE ME 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 This statement doesnt describe me at all; it isnt like me More false than true More true than false This statement describe me very well; it is very much like me I attend university False True 1 Because I dont know what else to do. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2 To understand myself better. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3 To gain valuable skills for my career. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4 Because its fun place to be. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5 Because others expect me to get a degree. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6 Because I genuinely want to help others. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 Because its a better alternative than working. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8 Because I want to explore new ideas. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 To enhance my job prospects. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 Because I enjoy the social life. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 11 Because other people have told me I should. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 12 Because I want to contribute to society. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 13 To avoid being unemployed. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 14 Because I want to challenge myself. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 15 In order to get the qualification. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 Because I enjoy the social environment. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 17 Because it would disappoint other people if I didn't. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 18 Because I want to help solve society's problems. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 19 Because it gives me something to do. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 20 For my personal growth and development. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 21 Because it will help set up my future career. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 22 Because of the social opportunities. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 23 It seems to be the recommended thing to do. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 24 Because I want to improve the world situation. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 25 Because I dont have any better options. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 26 Because I love learning. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 27 So I can get a better job. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 28 Because its a great place to develop friendships. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 29 Of social expectations from those around me. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 30 Because I want to be more useful to society. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Student Satisfaction We are interested to learn more about students satisfaction with their university experience. 1. Please describe what aspect of this university have you been most satisfied with? 2. Please describe what aspect of this university have you been least satisfied with? Listed below are several aspects of students university experience. Please honestly rate your level of dissatisfaction-satisfaction by circling an answer for each item: 1 2 3 4 5 Very Dissatisfied (VD) Dissatisfied (D) Neither Satisfied or Dissatisfied (N) Satisfied (S) Very Satisfied (VS) My satisfaction with VD D N S VS 1 Library resources. 1 2 3 4 5 2 Opportunities to make friends. 1 2 3 4 5 3 Professionalism of my lecturers tutors. 1 2 3 4 5 4 Lecture theatres, tutorial rooms laboratory facilities. 1 2 3 4 5 5 Social events provided for students. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Level of knowledge of the staff who teach me. 1 2 3 4 5 7 Availability of computers technology. 1 2 3 4 5 8 Opportunities to develop close friendships. 1 2 3 4 5 9 Quality of the education I am receiving. 1 2 3 4 5 10 Extra campus facilities (e.g., banks, cafes, childcare, parking, bookshop, etc.). 1 2 3 4 5 11 Chances to pursue my social interests. 1 2 3 4 5 12 Quality of the staff who teach me. 1 2 3 4 5 13 Places to study on campus. 1 2 3 4 5 14 Quality of the social life at this university. 1 2 3 4 5 15 Interest that teaching staff take in my progress. 1 2 3 4 5 16 Student support services (e.g. student union, academic assistance, counseling, etc.). 1 2 3 4 5 17 Chances to spend enjoyable time with other people. 1 2 3 4 5 18 Teaching ability of my tutors lecturers. 1 2 3 4 5 19 Overall quality of the campus facilities. 1 2 3 4 5 The following items contain the key to sources of motivation mentioned in the survey:- Intrinsic Extrinsic Self- Exploration 2, 8,14,20,26 Rejection of Alternative options 1, 7,13,19,25 Altruism 6, 12,18,24,30 Career and Qualifications 3, 9,15,21,27 Social enjoyment 4, 10,16,22,28 Social Pressure 5, 11, 17, 23, 29 4.3 Procedure The survey questionnaire was distributed among the students of various disciplines, studying in different years of their university randomly, and the data was collected. Data was then analyzed using SPSS for Windows (version 17.0) for the accuracy of analysis and results. Analysis included regression analysis, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). 5. Result The report begins with the results of the students information on segments like gender and languages. This study revealed that 82.4% respondents are male while 17.6% female, participating in this survey. Responses of the females were so minimal to be called as significant. This study reveals percentages of languages: Language Percentage Punjabi 34.5 Sindhi 8.6 Hindi 10.8 Tamil 6.5 Urdu 33.5 English 0.7 Marathi 5.4 Different languages are spoken across the entire country, but in a university, students from different background, cultures and places of origin come to study under the same roof, so consideration for language was also done. Some prominent languages and few local languages were selected for the survey to happen. Now we have a clear picture of the respondents answers regarding student motivation and student performance, as shown in the table: The results reveal that the model is significant (p.10) and there is a strong relationship between independent and dependent variables. The independent variables of the study show strong relationship with the dependent variable. The variables when compared on an individual basis, all variables are insignificant (p05). The results of regression analysis with the values of R-Square=0.80 and the F-statistics= 16.010. Option Regression Coefficient Rejection Alternative 0.713 Career Qualification 0.088 Social Enjoyment 0.069 Social Pressure 0.035 Self Exploration 0.100 Altruism 0.112 The regression coefficient for Rejection Alternative Option is 0.173, and signifies that students performance is sensitive to Rejection Alternative Option and increase by 17% due to it. The regression coefficient for Career Qualification is 0.088, signifying that students performance is sensitive to Career Qualification and increase by 08% due to it. The regression coefficient for Social Enjoyment is 0.069, bringing out that students performance is sensitive to Social Enjoyment and increase by 07% due to it. The regression coefficient for Social Pressure is 0.035, which signifies students performance is sensitive to Social Pressure and increase by 03% due to it. The regression coefficient for Self Exploration is 0.100, meaning to students performance is sensitive to Self Exploration and increase by 10% due to it. The regression coefficient for Altruism is 0.112, pertaining to students performance is sensitive to Social Pressure and increase by 11% due to it. This result is self-explanatory to describe the students performance with both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The results of regression analysis with the values of R-Square=0.79 and the F-statistics=24.585 are as follows: The results bring out that the model used for survey is significant (p.05) and there exists a strong relationship between independent and dependent variables. The variables when compared on an individual basis, both the variables are insignificant (p Regression Coefficient Percentage Performance Intrinsic motivation 0.237 increase by 34% Extrinsic motivation 0.342 decreases by 23% The regression coefficient of intrinsic motivation is 0.237 in this model and remarkably significant, it means that students performance is decreased by 23%. The model is overall significant (p.05) and both independent and dependent variables are important to student performance, with varying degree of importance. 6. Findings Rejection of alternative options, career and qualifications and social pressure are the factors responsible for degradation in the academic performance. Same way, intrinsic motivation is achieved through altruism, and self-exploration. This survey researches factors of student motivation and their impact on student academic performance. Student performance is found to get increased between 23 to 34 percent due to extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. The survey and its findings reveal R-square is 80 percent which signifies the strong relationship of students motivation with their performance. Academics performance is found to increase by 34 percent due to extrinsic motivation whereas academic performance is found to increase by 23 percent due to intrinsic motivation. Every student is unique and comes from a completely different background, with differences in the various factors in the environment leading to various level or type of motivation in him. Some student who had best schooling options available with them are found to have abundance of skill due to the reason they were grown up in a better environment to grow. It also depends on the capability of the teacher teaching in the classroom to make the subject much more interesting to gain students attraction and make him learn it by himself. There is no miraculous formula available to judge the performance of a student, other than the method of intrinsic and extrinsic questionnaire. 7. Conclusion and Recommendations The study examined various factors involved in the process of motivation to the student, whether intrinsic or extrinsic. It was observed that there exists a relationship between the various factors of motivation and overall performance. It was seen that students who were better motivated performed better, and those student who performed good were motivated easily. From the above findings it can be concluded that intrinsically motivated students show a better performance academically than extrinsically motivated students. Students who are extrinsically motivated, might deliver a good job or perform well to achieve a certain reward, but it does not keep them motivated for long-term and overall performance does not change or is consistent. They might perform very well in one semester or quiz to achieve a certain reward or goal and then next semester might show poor performance because the reward did not exist anymore. Their performance does not remain constant as a result. Students who are intrinsically motivated take up tasks or perform well academically for their own interest and for their own learning. These kinds of students are truly interested in learning and in achieving high goals. This shows in their overall consistent performance. From the above results as well as analysis, this study comes to a conclusion that performance in academics is positively affected by intrinsic motivation and also negatively influenced by extrinsic motivation. References 1. Ames, C. A. (1990). Motivation: What Teachers Need to Know? Teachers College Record, Vol. 91(3) pp. 409-421.2. Blank, W. (1997). Authentic instruction. In W.E. Blank S. Harwell (Eds.), Promising practices for connecting high school to the real world. FL: University of South Florida. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 407 586). pp. 15-213. Bomia, L., Beluzo, L., Demeester, D., Elander, K., Johnson, M., Sheldon, B. (1997). The Impact of Teaching Strategies on Intrinsic Motivation. Champaign, IL: ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education.4. Bowen, W., Bok, D. (1998). In the shape of the river: Long term consequences of considering race in college and university relations. Academic Outcomes. pp. 53-90.5. Brophy, J. (1986). On Motivating Students. East Lansing, Michigan: Institute for Research on Teaching, Michigan State University. pp. 73.6. Condry, J., and J. Chambers. (1978). Intrinsic Motivation and the Process of Learning. In the Hidden Costs of Rew ard, edited by M.R. Lepper and D. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. pp. 61-84.7. Deborah J. Stipek, Karen B. Givvin, Julie M. Salmon and Valanne L. MacGyvers. (1999). In the Eyes of the Beholder: Students and Teachers Judgments of Students Motivation. University of California, Los Angeles.8. Dev, P.C. (1997). Intrinsic motivation and academic achievement: What does their relationship imply for the classroom teacher? Remedial and Special Education. Vol. 18(1). pp. 12-19.9. Ericksen, S. C. (1978). The Lecture. Memo to the Faculty, no. 60. Ann Arbor: Center for Research on Teaching and Learning. University of Michigan.10. Huitt W. (2000). Motivation to Learn: An Overview, Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta State University.11. Kamauru R. J. (2000). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Predict Academic Performance of College Students. More house College.

The Legalization of Cannabis for Therapeutic Purpo Essays

The Legalization of Cannabis for Therapeutic Purposes (Name) (Institutional affiliation) The legalization of marijuana is a topic that has sparked debate since its ban in the United States in the early 1930s. Lawmakers, scholars and ordinary citizens are ever active in the deliberation on its legalization and are divided on which outcome should prevail. However, the use of cannabis for therapeutic purposes (CTP) has significantly increased, with public perception towards its legalization warming up considerably. Today, marijuana consumption for medical purposes is legal in 30 states, though heavily controlled in most. In Colorado, California, Oregon, Alaska, Nevada, Washington D.C., Massachusetts and Maine it is legal to use cannabis for recreational use. However, research on its potential medical applications is limited and heavily controlled by the federal government, with opponents of its countrywide legalization the most vocal against such an initiative. This paper discusses the perceptions of disadvantages of cannabis use to individuals and society in genera l and maintains the stance that it is not a public threat. To understand the recent intrigue of whether Cannabis for Therapeutic Purposes (CTP) should be legalized or not, it is essential to delve into why its popularity dropped since the 1960s. Regardless of the ban on marijuana in 1930, CTP continued to play a significant part of the medical community up until 1961 when a UN convention concluded that due to its high potential for abuse, it was no longer accepted for medical use ( Sznitman Zolotov , 2015) . More advanced medicines were discovered and developed, leading to decreases in CTP use. Nevertheless, the turn of the millennium has seen an increase in the use of CTP, with proponents and opponents in disagreement. Proponents for cannabis legalization cite the critical advantages as a boost in revenue, decrease in crime, its health benefits, better substance control and strong price control. They maintain that every citizen has the right to make their own choice regarding drug use, and specifically cannabis due to its natural component. Opponents of its legalization, on the other hand, are of the opinion that marijuana has addictive properties, is a gateway drug, has severe health effects and increase the societal problems that are prevalent in our communities. Surprisingly, the opponents of marijuana legalization are often the lobbyists for legislature preventing medical studies and research on marijuana. It has been suggested that CTP legalization will result in the increase in illegal cannabis use among groups such as the youth, high-risk groups and non-risk groups. Regarding the youth, studies have been inconclusive on whether CTP legalization increases in teens to use illegal cannabis. Studies have found that CTP legalization does increase the availability and prevalence of marijuana, but data on teen use is varied. A survey carried out in Colorado, a cannabis legalized state, found that drug-related suspensions in public schools bumped slightly after marijuana was legalized in 2009 but stayed level after (Dills, Goffard and Miron , 2016) . Regarding expulsion, the study found that the rate also rose somewhat but dropped thereafter. CTP legalization has not led to an increase in the use of illegal cannabis by the youth. High-risk groups are people who are more likely to use cannabis like arrestees and ER patients while non-risk groups include a majority of the population. Studies carried out regarding high-risk groups, and CTP legalization found no correlation between the two in the sense that an increase in cannabis use among these groups was not associated with the passing of CTP laws. Majority of the studies involving illegal cannabis use and CTP laws have examined the association using the non-risk population. Eight of these studies found no relationship between CTP laws and illegal cannabis use, with one study suggesting that the changes in perceived risk of cannabis use were unrelated to CTP l egalization. Empirical evidence suggests that CTP legalization resulted in a reduction in the use of illegal c annabis in 48 of the 58 states ( Cerda et al., 2012). Therefore cannabis legalization diminishes the black market for cannabis One hypothesis suggested that cannabis prices would reduce significantly decrease due to CTP legalization, leading to increases in its use. Due to economic theory, this would seem accurate due as cannabis would

Alaskan Lynx Essays - Lynx, Bobcat, Predators, Trapping, Hare

Alaskan Lynx Essays - Lynx, Bobcat, Predators, Trapping, Hare Alaskan Lynx Lynx by Cody White Academic Orientation Mr. Keown period 7 December 19, 1997 With a pounce and a hop the speedy lynx chases the bleached white hare through the bushes. Poof! The hare disappears into the shiny white powder. Then the sly lynx picks up the scent of the hare and pounces toward the small hairball. The sharp elongated claws dont dig in, and the hares long slender legs launch himself out of the hole and out of danger. The swift cat swings his claws around to hit the fast hare, but he hits the snow right under his back legs. The hare runs right between two willow trees and into a narrow opening which has a bunch of fallen willow trees. The hare has escaped from the lynx this one time, but the lynx will find other food. The lynx is a pale brown to brownish grey with black streaks on its neck, forehead, and on the back. It has a short tail, long tuffed ears, long slender legs, wide feet for control in the snow, and long very soft fur. The lynx will grow to be 30 to 40 inches long, and 24 to 28 inches high from feet to shoulders. They usually weight 15 to 45 pounds. When you see the lynx, at first sight, it looks gaunt and lanky, but it is really fast and muscular. The back legs are longer than the fore legs for better pouncing ability. From the front the lynx looks royal with its hair on its face coming out to two points (Myers 136). The lynx is closely related to the bobcat, which populates the north American region. The bobcat does not have big fluffy paws, or is not as big as the lynx in relative size. They have two different food varieties. The lynx eats hares ,and also may prey on small deer, dall sheep, grouse, mice. Rarely they feed on fish. On the other hand bobcats feed on grouse , fish, and other small rodents. Lynx chase and still hunt their prey. They chase hares or they stay up on cliffs and branches, and waiting to pounce on the animal as it goes by. The lynx ranges from Alaska, all the way across Canada. The lynx are usually found in climax forests and dense undercovers. They are usually found where hares are abundant. If there are no hares in the vicinity, they travel out into the tundra to find food. Lynx breed during March and April. The gestation period is 60 days long ( Myers 135) . They will have from 1- 4 kittens each year. They usually have dens, where they keep their kittens, in hollow trees or under a pile of brush. The kittens stay with the female until well into the next winter. The kittens dont open their eyes until 10 days after birth. They also only nurse for 3 to 4 months. When the population of the hares are up the litters of 2 to 4 kittens have a lot better chance to survive in the wilderness with their parents. When food is not abundant the female lynx might not have a litter at all that year or not until the hares have come back. Lynx usually are silent, but the males make a screeching noise to find a mate during breeding season. The weird thing about the lynx is when it is in a trap. It doesnt make a sound. It sits there calmly accepting its death. The Lynx are sly creatures that prowl at night to find their food. That is usually the reason why people dont see the lynx out in the wilderness a lot. The lynx are sensitive to bright light, because their eyes are made to see at night. Adult males usually hunt alone, not in packs like wolves.The females usually hunt with their family if the kittens are old enough to go along. The kits hunt with their mother and learn skills from her until they leave in the fallowing winter. The huge feet of the lynx give it superb agility in the snow. The lynx has been known to chase down slow clumsy fox that has slim and slender feet that dont give them any leverage on top of the snow. Trapping

Antitrust practices Essay Example for Free

Antitrust practices Essay Antitrust practices are practices carried on by businesses that end up destroying perfect competition in the market. Antitrust laws are laws prepared to seek and promote healthy market competition by preventing anti-competitive practices by companies. Some of the illegal practices that constitute to antitrust behavior include corporate mergers, monopolies and price fixing conspiracies (Bailey, 2010). The Clayton Act of 1914 was passed by the U.S Congress. It was an antitrust law that was amended to stop and prevent practices that led to unhealthy competition in the market. The Clayton Act was amended in order to complement an earlier version of the antitrust law referred to as the Sherman antitrust Act of 1980. This was a federal law that sought to prevent practices that were harmful to consumers such as cartels, monopolies and other unfair business practices (California Association of REALTORS, 2005). One of the recent firms to be investigated for antitrust behavior is Google Company that leads the online searching industry. According to Weiss (2014), the firm recently was being investigated by Competition Commission of India (CCI) for claims that it abused its dominance in the online search engine industry by mainly promoting its own services over those of its rivals. This reason is considered to create unhealthy competition in the business as the search engine company dominates its rivals in what is considered almost a monopolistic market. Antitrust behavior brings about both pecuniary and non-pecuniary costs. Since it damages healthy competition in the market, monopolies can result and this has adverse effects to the prices of commodities. The products end up becoming costly and expensive for the customers and, therefore, affecting the society negatively (Bailey, 2010). On the other hand, antitrust behavior leads to the output of products falling below the market competitive le vel and this is mainly witnessed in monopolistic markets. Then again, the antitrust practices can be costly for any company that has engaged in them since if investigations prove that the company is guilty of the said acts then heavy penalties can be imposed on them. Furthermore, this can ruin the reputation of any company and, therefore, ending up losing its customers (Bailey, 2010). Monopolies and oligopolies are not always good for the society. Their presence in any market simply means they have all the power to control the prices of their products and services. This is not favorable to the customers since prices can always go up any time especially when the demand for certain commodities is high. One good example of an oligopoly is the Coca Cola and Pepsi Companies. These are the world’s largest beverage companies and demand for their products is never decreasing. However, these two companies represent a market with few suppliers while the consumers are many. They have all the power to dictate their products’ prices and the consumers have no power whatsoever (Hovenkamp, 2011). On the other hand, some government monopolies can be considered beneficial to the members of the society. Many governments in the current world control the production and supply of electricity and other forms of energy. This is useful because the governments aim at providin g such services to the citizens at affordable prices and across the countries. It is the responsibility of the government to enhance infrastructure development in the country and, therefore, running such sectors of the economy can be beneficial to consumers. In conclusion, it is important to point out that antitrust practices are unwanted behaviors since they destroy healthy competition among businesses. However, the law is strict on companies that engage in these practices and heavy penalties can be imposed on them. Antitrust practices include price fixing, corporate mergers and creation of monopolies (Reeves, 2010). Antitrust practices. (2016, Feb 28). We have essays on the following topics that may be of interest to you